This is where most effective learning takes place. When we have built an internal body of knowledge and it is challenged by new information, the most robust learning requires some rewiring of the knowledge base. Since the new knowledge has its own structure, to properly integrate it requires at least some re-structuring of the existing knowledge base.
The resulting structure not only has a wider context and content, the restructuring may effect the existing structure such that greater insights into and use of that structure are possible.
Example: At some point, when learning a new language, people may start to think in the new language. Prior to this step, their fluency is often a function of remembered words and contexts, habitual use, and speed of translation from their native language. The partial paradigm shift does not remove the facility in the native language and may even provide a wider context for it. Indeed, having a new language in which to express ideas can give the person additional capability in their native language. The traditional teaching of Latin and Greek in English schools was, at least in part, intended to give the students a better understanding of the origins and “correct” use of the English language.